With an apparent magnitude of 11.13, Proxima is invisible to the naked eye and does not appear in the immediate vicinity of Alpha Centauri AB. Proxima b is a terrestrial planet, while Proxima c is believed to be a super-Earth or mini-Neptune. & Astrophys., accepted Stellar binary, semi-major axis: 23.52±0.05 AU, 79.912±0.011 years 1.1.1. MNRAS, submitted in "Planetary Exploration and Science: Recent Advances and Applications", Jin & Haghighipour Eds? Fujii (CC BY 4.0). The open cluster NGC 5606 lies north of NGC 5617, on the imaginary line connecting Alpha and Epsilon Centauri. P. Kervella, F. Thévenin and C. Lovis, “Proxima’s orbit around Alpha Centauri”, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. paper  arxiv, Future Exoplanet Research: Science Questions and How to Address Them This is about 5% of the distance between the Sun and Alpha Centauri AB. The currently accepted orbital period of 79.91 years is credited to Belgian astronomer Dimitri Pourbaix and his team, who derived the value from their observations at Université libre de Bruxelles in Belgium in 2002. JANG-CONDELL H. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & AstrophysicsFor the nearby dwarf star alpha Cen B (K1 V), we present limb darkening predictions from a 3D hydro-dynamical radiative transfer model of its atmosphere. it never sinks below the horizon. There may be additional planets orbiting Rigil Kentaurus and Toliman, either the individual stars or the Alpha Centauri AB binary, but none have been confirmed yet. paper  arxiv  ADS, Upcoming Microlensing by Proxima Centauri: A Rare Opportunity for Mass Determination and Planet Detection The M-dwarfs (Gliese 581, Gliese 876), the K-dwarfs (HD 69830, Alpha Cen B), and the F-dwarfs (Upsilon Andromedae) all fall outside the band of utility. Alpha Centauri is a binary star system consisting of Alpha Centauri A and Alpha Centauri B. Estimated to be around 5 billion years old, these two stars are among the most Sun-like in our neighborhood. “Fingers crossed-we are hoping a large habitable planet is orbiting Alpha Cen A or B.” Olivier Guyon, Lead Scientist, Breakthrough Watch. paper  arxiv  ADS, A Gaussian process framework for modelling stellar activity signals in radial velocity data II. The system has a mean radial velocity of about 22.4 km/s in the direction of the Sun. paper  arxiv, Planet formation in Binaries Alpha Centauri was known by many other names across different cultures throughout history. Around Alpha Cen A, both planets are rocky/metallic, one is a mid-Earth and one is a super-Earth. There are two confirmed planets in the Alpha Centauri system, both orbiting Proxima Centauri. Astron. The sky from Alpha Centauri, image: Wikimedia Commons/Skatebiker (CC BY-SA 3.0). arxiv, Alpha Centauri Beyond the Crossroads DUMUSQUE X., PEPE F., LOVIS Ch., SEGRANSAN D., SAHLMANN J., BENZW., BOUCHY F., MAYOR M., QUELOZ D., SANTOS N. & UDRY S. paper  arxiv  ADS, Searching for Earth-mass planets around α Centauri: precise radial velocities from contaminated spectra A possible transit event was observed that may correspond to a planet with a radius of about 0.92 Earth radii orbiting the star with a period of 20.4 days or less. Current estimates give a probability of finding a terrestrial planet in the star system of about 75%. A flyby mission to Proxima Centauri b was proposed after the planet’s existence was confirmed in August 2016. MNRAS ApJ, 798, 70 SCHNEIDER J. J. In 2019, the angular separation between the two stars was 4.92 arcseconds and it increased to 5.49 arcseconds in 2020. This portrait of Alpha Centauri was produced by observations carried out at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. Image Source. Toliman has an apparent magnitude of +1.33. Gyrochronological methods have given an estimated age of 5.0 ± 0.3 billion years, and methods based on the stars’ chromospheric activity have yielded a value of 4.4 ± 2.1 billion years. The Breakthrough Starshot concept would entail launching a mothership with about a thousand small, centimetre-sized spacecraft to high-altitude Earth orbit, then using ground-based (or space-based) lasers to focus a light beam on the crafts’ sails to accelerate them. arxiv, Project Blue: Visible Light Imaging Search for Terrestrial-class Exoplanets in the Habitable Zones of Alpha Centauri A and B 2018 Even though Alpha Cen B is a bit cooler than the Sun, this still means the planet is baking hot, far too hot to sustain any kind of life as we know it, or even liquid water. The three stars are among the 18 southern navigational stars with a declination between 30° S and 90° S. The group also includes Kaus Australis in Sagittarius, Shaula in Scorpius, Fomalhaut in Piscis Austrinus, Alnair in Grus, Peacock in Pavo, Acrux and Gacrux in Crux, Canopus, Miaplacidus and Avior in Carina, Atria in Triangulum Australe, Ankaa in Phoenix, Suhail in Vela, and Achernar and Acamar in Eridanus. 2019 The star is also known as Rigil Kent, Rigil Kentaurus, or Toliman. paper, Measuring precise radial velocities on individual spectral lines : II. A study published in 2014 found slight excesses of emissions at 24 μm (in the mid/far-infrared band) for both Alpha Centauri A and B. Observers south of the latitude 29° S can see Alpha Centauri throughout the year because the star is circumpolar, i.e. He used French astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille’s observations made in 1751 and 1752 and compared the differences between the star system’s measured positions in the 1750s and 1830s. MNRAS, 450, 2043 Alpha Centauri is the closest star system to Earth, a scant 4.3 light years away, or 41 trillion kilometres (25 trillion miles). In fact, any planets orbiting Alpha Centauri A would have better prospects of life than the planets orbiting the Sun. BAAS, 41, no 1, 346.07 Toward Alpha Cen B b. February 24th, 2008 greg. One of those planets was detected in October 2012, the innermost planet around Alpha Cen B, but now the existence is refuted. MNRAS, 463, 2768 Proxima Centauri hosts the nearest planetary system to Earth. MORSE J., BENDEK E., CABROL N., MARCHIS F., TURNBULL M. et al. paper  arxiv  ADS, Dynamics and habitability in circumstellar planetary systems of known binary stars Even from the Alpha Centauri AB system, it would only appear as a fifth magnitude star. HELLER R. & HIPPKE M. The planet may have a large ring system around it, detected in June 2020. Trajectory of Alpha Centauri B relative to A (fixed to the coordinate origin) as seen from the Earth (inclined ellipse) and face-on (horizontal ellipse). & Astrophys., 633, A76 ZHAO L., FISCHER D., BREWER J., GIGUERE M. & ROJAS-AYALA B. 2017 The name Toliman (pronunciation: /ˈtɒlɪmæn/) comes from the Arabic aẓ-Ẓalīmān or aṭ-Ṭhalīmān, meaning “the (two male) ostriches.” It refers to an asterism, “the ostriches,” in which Alpha Centauri was the brightest star. 2017 However, he could not measure the star’s distance accurately with his equipment. We conclude that alpha Cen B b probably has a mass of less than 2.7 M_earth, implying a likely terrestrial composition warranting future confirmation. 2015 Its discovery was publicly announced on 2016. The open clusters NGC 5617 and Trumpler 22 appear about a degree west-northwest of the star, in the direction of Hadar. I. Maximized data rate for lightweight space-probes in 222nd AAS Meeting (Indianapolis), 116.05, Sobre la habitabilidad de exoplanetas orbitando a Próxima del Centauro Alpha Centauri system has five planets, two around Alpha Cen A, three around Alpha Cen B, and zero around Proxima Cen. Alpha Centauri B b, planet, semi-major axis: 0.0400AU 1.1.2.2. Alpha Centauri lies within the G-Cloud complex, a neighbouring interstellar cloud to the Local Interstellar Cloud. in SPIE 2015 The two stars would have apparent magnitudes of -6.5 (Rigil Kentaurus) and -5.2 (Toliman). alf Cen B, α Cen B, α Centauri B, Alpha-2 Centauri, alf02 Cen, α2 Cen, α2 Centauri, Rigil Kentaurus B, Rigil Kent B, Toliman B, Bungula B, Gliese 559 B, GJ 559 B, HR 5460, HD 128621, HIP 71681, TYC 9007-5848-1, WDS J14396-6050 B, RHD 1 B paper   2.17), Epsilon Centauri (mag. The Chinese know Alpha Centauri as 南門二 (Nán Mén Èr), the Second Star of the Southern Gate. paper  arxiv   found a distance of 4.349 light years with a parallax of 749.9 ± 5.4 mas. 2018 2016 2014 arxiv, Superhabitable Worlds It has a mass of only 0.1221 solar masses and a radius of 0.1542 solar radii. arxiv, Dynamical Stability of Terrestrial Planets in the Binary α Centauri System Even though it is not as luminous as Rigil Kentaurus, Toliman has a greater energy output in the X-ray band and dominates the system’s X-ray emission. This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has given us this stunning view of the bright Alpha Centauri A (on the left) and Alpha Centauri B (on the right), shining like huge cosmic headlamps in the dark. J. DOKUCHAEV V. With the stellar classification of K1V, it appears more orange in colour. It is part of the Horn mansion, which represents the horns of the Azure Dragon. & POHL G. ApJ, 805, 174 paper arxiv ADS. This diagram illustrates the locations of the star systems closest to the sun. GONZALEZ A., CARDENAS R. & HEARNSHAWJ. Notes AAS, 2, 17 Astrobiol., in press SCHULZE-MAKUCH D., HELLER R. & GUINAN E. This list shows all planetary and stellar components in the system. Revista Cubana de Fisica, 30, 81 paper   This may indicate the presence of thin circumstellar discs or dense interplanetary dust. 2015 J., 154, 115 A chi^2-minimization is performed to derive the most reliable set of modeling parameters wp={t_alpha Cen, Yi, [Fe/H]i, alpha A, alpha B}, where t alpha Cen is the age of the system, Yi the initial helium content, [Fe/H]i the initial metallicity and, alpha A and alpha B … J., accepted Alpha Centauri can be seen from locations between the latitude 29° N and the equator, but only at certain times of the year and it always stays close to the southern horizon. Assuming that the chemical compositions and the ages of the two stars are the same, series of models have been constructed. With a visual magnitude of 11.13, Proxima is far too faint to be visible to the naked eye. unlike the previous 2 albums which focuses on the unknown and isolation, this one has a more uplifting feel to it. The two stars appear as a single star to the naked eye but can easily be resolved in smaller instruments. It is the most extreme example of this type of star. A planet for Alpha Cen. In 1851, South African astronomer Thomas Maclear gave similar numbers – a distance of 3.55 light years with a parallax of 918.7 ± 34 mas. paper, Planet hunting pioneer calls for probe to alpha Centauri paper  arxiv, Exoplanet Terra Incognita The first craft may launch by the year 2036. Sign in to like videos, comment, and subscribe. Proxima Centauri, stellar object 1.2.1. BERGMANN, C., ENDL, M. HEARNSHAW, J., WITTENMYER, R. & D. WRIGHT HELLER R. & ARMSTRONG J. arxiv, The radii and limb darkenings of Alpha Centauri A and B. Interferometric measurements with VLTI/PIONIER TRIGILIO C., UMANA G., CAVALLERO F., AGLIOZZO C., LETO P. et al. The best time of year to see the stars and deep sky objects in the constellation is during the month of May, when it rises high in the evening sky. The habitable zone around Alpha Centauri A is between 1 and 2 astronomical units from the star and, to be in Alpha Centauri B’s habitable zone, a planet would need to have an orbital radius between 0.7 and 1.2 astronomical units. Alpha Centauri can be used to find several deep sky objects that appear in the vicinity. it never falls below the horizon and can be seen throughout the year. ApJ, 782, 89 The Messenger, 178, 5 arxiv, The Mt John University Observatory Search For Earth-mass Planets In The Habitable Zone Of Alpha Centauri We first compare the results of this model to a standard Kurucz's atmosphere. The discovery of Proxima b was announced in August 2016. paper, Long-Term Stability of Planets in the α Centauri System, II: Forced Eccentricities White Paper to the US National Academy of Sciences The reason this is a big deal is twofold. KASPER M., ARSENAULT R., KÄFT U., JAKOB G., LEVERATTO S. et al. ApJ, 805, 174 arxiv, Microlensing Events by Proxima Centauri in 2014 and 2016: Opportunities for Mass Determination and Possible Planet Detection Int. Designated Proxima Centauri b (or Alpha Centauri Cb) and Proxima Centauri c (Alpha Centauri Cc), these are the nearest known exoplanets to the Sun. The star has a radius about 14 percent smaller than the Sun. The Alpha Centauri system consists of Alpha Centauri A, a yellow main sequence star of the spectral type G2V, Alpha Centauri B, an orange main sequence star with the stellar classification K1V, and Alpha Centauri C, a faint red dwarf of the spectral type M5.5Ve. RAJPAUL V., AIGRAIN S., OSBORNE M., REECE S. & ROBERTS S. The orbital elements of Alpha Centauri AB were first calculated with some accuracy in 1926 by the South African astronomer William Stephen Finsen, who made his observations from the Union Observatory in South Africa, where Robert Innes had discovered Proxima Centauri over a decade earlier. Nature, 536, 437 ApJ. galaxies, submitted FORGAN, D. & LISSAUER J. These include Omega Centauri, the largest (36′.3), brightest (mag. arxiv, A method to directly image exoplanets in multi-star systems such as Alpha-Centauri & THEVENIN F. Expanding upon the work of Wiegert, I simulated two planets, one around Alpha Cen A, and one around Alpha Cen B. More than 12% of all discovered exoplanets have been found in binary or multiple star systems. The journey would take 20-30 years and a return message to Earth would take only about four years. 61 Cygni, Keid (Omicron2 Eridani) and Epsilon Indi are among other stars that have a higher proper motion than Alpha Centauri. BERDYUGINA S. & KUHN J. 1972 456, No. It is a main sequence star with the stellar classification K1 V, which makes it more orange in colour than Alpha Centauri A, which is yellowish. It orbits the host star from a distance of 0.049 astronomical units and takes 11.186 days to complete an orbit. Rigil Kentaurus, Alpha Centauri A, is one of the 58 bright stars selected for use in navigation. 2.57), Iota Centauri (mag. 2018 As the nearest star system to the Sun, Alpha Centauri is a target for several interstellar exploration missions that are still in concept stage and will likely remain so for the foreseeable future because the technology that would reduce travel time to the star system does not yet exist. The reason this is a big deal is twofold. Astron. arxiv   EGGL S., GEORGAKARAKOS N. & ILAT-LOHINGER E. arxiv, Interstellar communication. 2016 We demonstrate that the 3.24 d signal observed in the Alpha Cen B data almost certainly arises from the window function (time sampling) of the original data. PLAVCHAN P., CHEN X. & Astrophys., in press A number of factors (brightness, age, spectral type, metallicity, orientation, and sky position) make Alpha Cen B overwhelmingly best star in the sky for detecting habitable planets from the ground and on the cheap. 2016 The star is classified as a UV Ceti variable, a flare star that shows sudden increases in brightness that last for only a few minutes. Rigil Kentaurus, the primary component in the system, is slightly larger and more massive than the Sun. We discuss inclination constraints from the formation of alpha Cen B b in situ at its present location, migration in a proto-planetary disk, or migration in resonance with additional planets. 1, pp L6-L10, February 2016 Through a telescope, one can make out the system's two stars Alpha Centauri A and its smaller, dimmer companion Alpha Centauri B. Proxima Centauri, the faintest component, is the nearest individual star to the Sun, located only 4.244 light years from Earth. Image: ESO/DSS 2. Soviet Astronomy, 15, 573 It is a triple star system, consisting of three stars: α Centauri A (officially Rigil Kentaurus), α Centauri B (officially Toliman), and α Centauri C (officially Proxima Centauri). Icarus, accepted European astronomers have discovered an Earth-mass planet orbiting the star Alpha Centauri B, a member of the closest star system to Earth. paper  arxiv, Tachoastrometry: astrometry with radial velocities THEBAULT Ph. It lies 2.18 degrees southwest of the bright AB binary. Image: ESO, August 24, 2016. 2.35), Zeta Centauri (mag. AYRES T. Its brightness has been observed to brighten by 75 times within only 20 seconds. arxiv, Global warming as a detectable thermodynamic marker of Earth-like extrasolar civilizations: the case for a telescope like Colossus (2002). Astron. Int. paper  arxiv, Possibilities of life around Alpha Centauri B The observed apparent separation between the stars has been in the range from 1.7 arcseconds to 22 arcseconds. paper  arxiv, Planet Detectability in the Alpha Centauri System However, due to the Earth’s axial precession, Alpha Centauri now appears further south, at the declination -60° 51’, and it cannot be seen from locations north of the latitude 29° N. Alpha and Beta Centauri from Paranal, image: John Colosimo/ESO (CC BY 4.0). Astrobiolo., 14, 305 The two Sun-like stars are locked in a 79.91-year orbit with an eccentricity of 0.5179. arxiv   In 1842, he corrected the estimate to 3.34 ± 0.5 light years based on a parallax of 912.8 ± 64 mas. “Fingers crossed-we are hoping a large habitable planet is orbiting Alpha Cen A or B.” Olivier Guyon, Lead Scientist, Breakthrough Watch. Notable uses in literature include a poem by Jan Neruda in the collection “Cosmic Songs” (1878), the short story “Proxima Centauri” (1935) by Murray Leinster, Isaac Asimov’s short story “Homo Sol” (1940), Larry Niven’s “Like Banquo’s Ghost” (1968), Frederick Pohl’s “The Gold at the Starbow’s End” (1972), and “Far Centaurus” (1944) by A. E. van Vogt, the novels Revolt on Alpha C (1955) by Robert Silverberg, Stanislaw Lem’s The Magellanic Cloud (1955), Gordon R. Dickson’s Childe Cycle (1959) series, Edmund Cooper’s Seed of Light (1959), Leigh Brackett’s Alpha Centauri or Die! & BERDYGINA S. It shares the same etymology as Rigel (Beta Orionis), the name of the bright star that marks the foot of Orion. Image: ESA/NASA (CC BY 2.0). Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri (sometimes abbreviated to SMAC or Alpha Centauri) is a turn-based strategy computer game created by Brian Reynolds and Sid Meier in 1999 for the company they created along with Jeff Briggs, Firaxis Games. derived a distance of 4.39 light years from a parallax of 743 ± 7 mas in 1970 and van Altena et al. 2.06), Gamma Centauri (mag. MNRAS, accepted The 3 suns in Alpha Centauri are a mirror of the third and final Spacewalk album. Henrik Hargitai has shared a Proxima b radio drama, aired this month on KZSU. paper, Ghost in the time series: no planet for Alpha Cen B They form the Alpha Centauri AB binary system, which appears as a single star to the naked eye. Sign in. Alpha Centauri. It is a red dwarf of the spectral type M5.5Ve. & DOMINIK M. The host star Proxima Centauri has apparent magnitude of 11.1, with absolute magnitude of 15.6. With an absolute magnitude of +4.38, Alpha Centauri A is more luminous than Alpha Centauri B (+5.71). We investigate the possibility of constraining the sin i degeneracy of α Cen B b—with orbital period P = 3.24 days; a = 0.042 AU; m sin i = 1.1 —to estimate the true mass of the newly reported terrestrial exoplanet in the nearest stellar system to our Sun. Hues made observations of the Southern Cross and other bright southern stars from the South Atlantic, during a voyage with the English explorer Thomas Cavendish, and published his discoveries in Tractatus de globis. 2018 2017 Proxima b is a terrestrial planet, while Proxima c is believed to be a super-Earth or mini-Neptune. The existence of a planet the size of Earth around the closest star in the solar system, Proxima Centauri, has been confirmed by an international team of scientists including researchers from the … It is the third nearest star system to the Sun, after Alpha Centauri and Barnard’s Star, and its two components are the nearest known brown dwarfs. A planet for Alpha Cen. in SPIE 9605 paper  ADS, XUV-driven mass loss from extrasolar giant planets orbiting active stars Define Alpha Centauri B. Alpha Centauri B synonyms, Alpha Centauri B pronunciation, Alpha Centauri B translation, English dictionary definition of Alpha Centauri B. n. ... Alpha Cen; Alpha Cen; Alpha Cenaturi; Alpha Cenaturi; Alpha Cenaturi; Alpha centari; Alpha centari; Alpha centari; Alpha Centauri; Alpha Centauri; Alpha Centauri; Alpha Centauri; It is the ninth largest of all 88 constellations, occupying 1,060 square degrees of the southern sky. Image: Wikimedia Commons/RJHall (CC BY-SA 3.0). It is more than 20,000 times fainter than the Sun, with an absolute magnitude of +15.60. A decade later, Scottish-born South African amateur astronomer Alexander W. Roberts calculated a distance of 4.29 light years from a parallax of 710 ± 50 mas. Alpha Centauri system has five planets, two around Alpha Cen A, three around Alpha Cen B, and zero around Proxima Cen. arxiv, Searching for Faint Comoving Companions to the α Centauri system in the VVV Survey Infrared Images 2016 Henderson made further observations of Alpha Centauri AB between April 1832 and May 1833 and determined the system’s parallax, concluding that the stars were relatively close. The three stars with the largest proper motion are Barnard’s Star, the second nearest star (system) to Earth at 5.958 light years, Kapteyn’s Star, the nearest known galactic halo star at 12.76 light years, and Groombridge 1830 (Argelander’s Star), another halo star, located at a distance of 29.93 light years. +0.61), but outshining Menkent (mag. In 2008, a theoretical study simulated the formation of planetary systems around Toliman and all simulations led to the formation of multiple planets, with at least one with a mass of 1-2 Earth masses orbiting at a distance of 0.5 to 1.5 astronomical units. GONZALEZ G. 2012 Like the Sun, it is a main sequence star of the spectral type G2V and it exhibits coronal variability due to star spots coupled with the effect of rotation. The image above shows the planet orbiting Alpha Cen B, with the planet, Alpha Cen A and B and various other stars, including our our sun, marked. But it’s actually two stars—Alpha Cen A and B—and together, they are the third brightest star system in the sky after Sirius and Canopus. Alpha and Beta Centauri (Hadar) are known as the Southern Pointers, or simply the Pointers in the southern hemisphere. The discovery of a terrestrial exoplanet in the habitable zone around Proxima Cen is announced. KASPER M., ARSENAULT R., KÄFL H.-U., JAKOB G., FUENTESECA E. et al. What is the mass of alpha Cen B b? Their total mass is about 2 solar masses. Alpha Centauri (Latinized from α Centauri, abbreviated Alpha Cen or α Cen) is the closest star system and closest planetary system to Earth's Solar System at 4.37 light-years (1.34 parsecs) from the Sun. Hadar, NGC 5617 and Trumpler 22, image: Wikisky. Alpha Centauri was one of the first binary star systems to be discovered. 2008 Alpha Centauri is very easy to find. It moves about 6.1 arcminutes each century and 1.02 degrees each millennium. Carrier, F. & Bourban, G. Solar-like oscillations in the K1 dwarf star alpha Cen B. Astron. It is about 5.3 billion years old, a little older than the Sun. It will not, however, outshine Sirius, which will keep getting brighter and stay the brightest star in the Earth’s sky for the next 210,000 years. In Australia, the Boorong people of northwest Victoria called the stars Bermbermgle, after two brothers known for their courage. However, binarity itself is not an obstacle to planet formation. The prototype UV Ceti, also catalogued as Luyten 726-8B, is a red dwarf only 8.73 light years away. ­Planets in a Cen Various catalogues give slightly different values for the star. The star has a mass 1.1 times that of the Sun and a radius 1.2234 times solar. Johnson reported his findings to the Scottish astronomer Thomas Henderson at the Royal Observatory at the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. J., 151, 111 Nature, 27 May 2011 MNRAS, 456, L6 Alpha Centauri B, stellar object 1.1.2.1. & LOZI J. J., 155, 64 ESPRESSO confirms the presence of an Earth around the nearest star. The larger component of this pair, α Centauri A, is a G2V star like the Sun while the smaller component, α Centauri B, is a slightly cooler and dimmer K1V star. REICH E. 2017 Their most recent closest approach (periastron) occurred in August 1955 and the next one will be in 2075. Astron. 2014 With an effective temperature of 3,042 K, it shines with only 0.0017 solar luminosities. The distance of Alpha Centauri AB is now believed to be 4.37 light years, or about 41.34 trillion kilometres, with a parallax of 754.81 ± 4.11 milliarcseconds. In addition to the planets orbiting Proxima, two planets have been reported around Toliman, Alpha Centauri B. MNRAS, 485, 4804 Proxima Centauri is the closest star to the Solar System and is orbited by the planet Proxima b, which was discovered using the HARPS instrument on the ESO 3.6-metre telescope. Stellar binary, semi-major axis: 15000 AU 1.1. Proxima Centauri b, an Earth-sized planet discovered in 2016, orbits in the star’s habitable zone. Exoplanet Handbook (Springer), in press QUARLES B. & POHL G. WFPC2 was Hubble’s most used instrument for the first 13 years of the space telescope’s life, being replaced in 2009 by Wide-Field Camera 3 (WFC3) during Servicing Mission 4.
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